I am having a tough time with practice questions regarding minors and confidentiality. I know 12 is somewhat of a magic number here (also if the minor can participate intelligently in treatment). Still, in certain places it states that as a general rule parents have a right to access his/her minor's records (without clarifying age of minor), then in another place it says that parents do not have a right to inspect a minor's records if the minor consented to his/her own treatment. Yet parents have a 'right to gain information' that should be discussed at the onset of treatment (and again here no minor age clarification is given).
Also it states that generally the older the child, the greater the confidentiality, without providing age limits or objective rules of thumb.
As a specific example, the reasoning behind the correct answer to question #26411 is just not making sense to me due to the age of the minor.
Given that there seem to be a lot of questions about minors and confidentiality, is there maybe a clearer rule of thumb regarding age and confidentiality?
Thank you to anyone who can provide clarity.